arizona attorney
THE TRUTH ABOUT SHORT SALES AND DEFICENCIES IN ARIZONA
Rarely will a consumer find so much contradicting, confusing and downright incorrect information on a legal topic as they currently do when it comes to short sales and related issues. Rarely heard of just 2-3 years ago, short sales now make up a significant majority of current MLS listings in the metro Phoenix market and the trend doesn’t seem to be changing any time soon. Agents, consumers and other professionals are scrambling to get up to speed on the process, strategies and legal issues surrounding short sales. From a legal perspective, there are three (3) main issues I discuss with clients who may be considering a short sale (or other loan workout for that matter): (1) deficiency issues, (2) credit issues, and (3) cancellation of debt income issues.
With respect to issue #1 – deficiencies, short sales present interesting issues and possible outcomes. Arizona has two anti-deficiency statutes that act to prevent a lender from collecting on a deficiency following a judicial or non-judicial foreclosure on certain residential property situated on 2.5 acres or less. Because these statutes deal with foreclosures, many real estate professionals, including attorneys, take the position that Arizona’s anti-deficiencies have no application to short sales. This is not entirely true given several Court decisions that restrict a lender’s right to waive its security and sue on its note. While a short sale can result in a deficiency situation where a foreclosure on the same property would not (for instance, without a lender’s agreement to not seek a deficiency, a short sale involving a non-purchase money loan on qualifying property will not extinguish a borrower’s liability for a deficiency, while a foreclosure by the same lender at a non-judicial trustee’s sale will result in the lender being barred from seeking a deficiency), for many loans (specifically, purchase money loans on qualifying property), a short sale should not result in a deficiency for a borrower. However, without a lender’s express waiver of its right to seek a deficiency, a Borrower must consider why it is attempting to do a short sale and if it is worth the risk that a lender and its counsel will try to sue for a deficiency based on what they may feel are unresolved issues in Arizona law.
Notwithstanding Arizona’s relatively broad anti-deficiency protections afforded to purchase money loans on qualifying property, lenders continue to misrepresent their rights and borrowers’ liabilities in short sale transactions. Lenders continue to demand cash contributions from borrowers to approve short sales even though they would have no right to seek a deficiency if they foreclosed on the property. Borrowers and their real estate agents should never engage in short sale negotiations without knowing exactly what rights and obligations a lender and borrower have under the loan and any particular workout scenario.
For a more detailed analysis of Arizona’s anti-deficiency laws and their applicability to short sale transactions, see my letter to the Editor of Maricopa Lawyer attached.
letter-to-the-editor-of-maricopa-lawyer
Marc McCain, Attorney at Law
McCain & Bursh, PLC
(602) 604-2138
Nothing in this blog is intended as legal advice. Every borrower and owner should consult independent legal counsel to review their situation and evaluate their risks and issues. Any opinions expressed herein are based on the author’s interpretation of existing law, anti-deficiency policies and practical experiences working in the area. However, the facts of each case can be different and different facts can result in different outcomes. Moreover, the law can change and courts will continue to shape the interpretation of statutes addressing these and related issues.
LOAN MODIFICATION DIFFERENT THAN LOAN RE-FINANCE
A recent article in the Phoenix Business Journal titled “Mortgage modifications elusive” wrote of the failure of the Government’s mortgage modification plan given the sharp decline in property values in certain cities such as Phoenix, Arizona. However, the article failed to distinguish between mortgage re-financings and mortgage modifications in the residential loan market, especially for homes that are upside down or underwater (meaning more is owed on the home than what the home is worth). The main point of the article was to say that if a borrower’s home loan is 105% or more of the home’s value, the borrower won’t qualify for a loan modification. Contrary to this recent article, a loan modification is possible where their home is underwater. The underwater rule applies only to loan re-financings under the U.S. Government’s Home Affordable Refinance program.
With respect to loan modifications, there is no rule that a homeowner cannot be underwater. In fact, a main goal of a modification and the Government’s Making Home Affordable loan modification program is to provide assistance to an underwater owner in an effort to avoid foreclosure. Today, loan modifications fall into 2 general categories – (1) a Federal loan modification under the U.S. Government’s Making Home Affordable program, and (2) a traditional loan modification (meaning one that is not subsidized by the U.S. Government). Although lenders historically have been hesitant to modify loans, as market conditions have worsened, many lenders have voluntarily modified loans to stave off foreclosure and the prospect of owning or selling another residence worth much less than the loan balance. This is especially true in states such as Arizona that have anti-deficiency statutes that in many instances prevent a lender from seeking a deficiency judgment against a borrower following a foreclosure (the only remedy of a lender in many cases is to foreclose on the residence).
While many homeowners and professionals have expressed frustration and confusion over the rules governing Federal backed loan modifications and traditional loan modifications, one thing is clear – the rules for residential loan modifications are changing often and rapidly. For instance, on April 28, 2009 the U.S. Treasury Department’s issued its latest rule changes regarding second mortgages under the Making Home Affordable loan modification program. Initially, second mortgages were not covered by the Government’s plan. Now, participating servicers are required to modify second loans or offer borrower’s discounts to pay the loan off. Moreover, the Federal loan modification program is in its infancy – both servicers and homeowners are still getting up to speed to understand the rules and process.
The point to be taken from all this is simple — homeowners should be hesitant to take “no” for an answer when seeking a loan modification – explore all options, don’t give up, continue to check your servicer’s guidelines and whether they are participating in the Federal loan modification program and, when all else fails, consult a professional with experience in the area. For additional information on the Government’s loan modification program, go to www.financialstability.gov/roadtostability/homeowner.html and to www.makinghomeaffordable.gov.
Marc McCain, Esq.
McCain&Bursh, PLC, Attorneys at Law
Direct: (602) 604-2166
RESIDENTIAL LOAN MODIFICATIONS
You’ve probably heard a lot about residential loan modifications lately. Probably even seen a few notorious law firms advertising on TV or been swamped with junk mail from a “modification” company. I”m getting lots of call in my office lately from people asking about loan modifications and certain claims or promises by companies. One thing is certain from what I”m hearing from consumers – BE CAREFUL! If you decide to hire a company to process your loan modification, be sure you do your homework on the company. Here are a few tips before hiring a company and paying any up front money for a loan modification:
1. Make sure you are dealing with an established company, not some start up trying to capitalize on the new get rich financial scheme.
2. Be careful about hiring any company working out of state or that does not have a physical office in your state.
3. Try to hire a company or individual that is licensed by and in good standing with your state such as licensed mortgage brokers, real estate brokers or attorneys. Note that some states require that a loan modification be processed only by certain licensed professionals.
4. Don”t pay up front fees unless you are paying the money into a neutral escrow account that you can control, or to a professional that has licensing or regulatory obligations with respect to the handling of your money (such as an attorney licensed in your state that agrees to put all or a portion of your money in the firm’s trust account subject to withdrawal only as work is completed or milestones are met). There have been many reports lately of companies taking money for modifications they promise and don’t deliver, often with no evidence of any work performed.
5. Not all borrowers are candidates for a loan modification. Make sure the company does a preliminary review of your mortgage and financial situation to confirm you are a modification candidate. Although every lender and loan type is different, there are some general guidelines that assist experienced modification processors determine the likelihood a lender will modify a loan. However, be skeptical of any “guaranty” you will get a modification. In some cases, even if you would appear a candidate on paper, the investor holding your loan or loan servicer may not approve the modification.
6. Be patient. The process can take time and require lots of follow up with your lender.
7. Don’t give up. Even if your modification request is denied, you might qualify at a later date. The rule regarding loan modifications right now is that there are no rules. With the current economic crisis, bail out money and other changing guidelines, remember the old adage “if at first you don’t succeed, try, try again”. Just because a lender denies a modification request doesn’t mean you shouldn’t try again 6 months or a year later. Conditions are changing rapidly and there is no telling what a lender may do down the road.
Marc McCain is a founding partner at McCain & Bursh, PLC, Attorneys at Law, located in Phoenix, Arizona. He can reached be reached at (602) 604-2166 or by email at mmccain@mblawaz.com with questions regarding your residential mortgage. www.mccain-bursh.com.